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Abstrakt
Comparative Studies and Evolution of Mammalian and Bird CA1, CA2, CA3 and CA13 Genes and Proteins
Roger S Holmes
Mammalian carbonic anhydrases (E.C.4.2.1.2; CA , Ca, Cah or CAH) genes encode enzymes that catalyse the reversible hydration of carbon dioxide and contribute significantly to many other biological phenomena. CA genes and enzymes from several mammalian species which have been assigned to at least 15 gene families, including CA1-3 and CA13, which are closely localized within a gene complex on human chromosome 8. This paper reports the amino acid sequences, gene locations, tissue expression patterns and exon structures for mammalian CA1, CA2, CA3 and CA13 genes and proteins, including primates, other eutherian mammals and a marsupial mammal. The phylogenetic and evolutionary relationships of these genes and enzymes are described with a hypothesis for gene duplication events for ancestral mammalian CA1, CA2, CA3 and CA13 genes, generating 4 families of these genes, which are closely localized on mammalian genomes and are differentially expressed in tissues of the body.