Internationale Zeitschrift für Schwarmintelligenz und Evolutionsberechnung

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Role of Haptic Interfaces in Robot-Assisted Minimally Invasive Surgery

Tauseef Gulrez

Robot-Assisted Minimally Invasive Surgery (RAMIS) was introduced in the mid-eighties, when a PUMA robotic arm was used in a neurosurgical biopsy, successfully. RAMIS has evolved since then and has brought a revolution in surgical procedures. In 1990 the AESOP system was introduced by Computer Motion, became the first robotic endoscopic surgical system. Ten years later in year 2000 a fullfledged master/slave Da Vinci robotic surgical system was introduced by Intuitive Surgical,consists of a master console and a slave robotic system.