Lin Jiang and Yigang Wang
Advanced age remains the greatest known risk factor for human disease. According to a report by the National Institute on Aging, the number of people aged 65 or older is expected to reach nearly 1.5 billion by 2050, representing 16% of the world's population and representing a dramatic increase in the economic burden of caring for patients with senile chronic diseases. Recent evidence strongly supports current hypotheses that age-related degradation of tissue stem cells plays an important role in the development of several age-related diseases, such as heart failure, Alzheimer's disease, and Parkinson's disease.