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Abstrakt
Detection of Nosocomial Infection during Stays of Critically Ill Patients While Admitted To the Intensive Care Units and Pattern of Pathogens
Sarwat Saif
Background: The nosocomial infection is the type of infection which develops during admission to the hospital or especially in intensive care unit. There are certain pathogens involved in nosocomial infections. Objective: To find the frequency of nosocomial infections among critically ill patients admitted to the intensive care units and also the most common bacterium detected in patients who developed nosocomial infection Material & methods: This cross sectional survey was done at the Department of Medicine, Services Hospital, and Lahore for 6 months. Sample of 318 patients were involved in the study who got admitted in the intensive care units for critical condition. The samples of (blood, urine or pus) were taken to test the presence of pathogen and confirm the nosocomial infection. Patients were managed for nosocomial infection as per standard protocol. SPSS v. 22 was used to analyses the data. Results: Mean age of the patients was 66.13 ± 14.89 years. There were 205 (64.5%) male patients and 113 (35.5%) female patients. The mean duration of admission in intensive care unit was 9.64 ± 5.84 days. History of smoking was positive in 131 (41.2%) patients, 157 (49.4%) patients had diabetes and 23 (7.2%) patients had previous infection. Out of 318 patients, 73 (23%) patients were found positive for nosocomial infection. The most common pathogen detected in positive nosocomial cases was Acinetobacter that was detected in 30 (40.7%) samples, Pseudomonas were detected in 23 (31.3%) samples and Klebsiella in 15 (21.1%) patients. Among patients with nosocomial infection, 24 (33%) had urinary tract infection which was the commonest. Conclusion: It is concluded that among individuals who were admitted in the intensive care units, the nosocomial infection was detected in large number of patients and these patients have more hazard to attain nosocomial infections during stay.