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Abstrakt
Antibacterial Resistance Pattern of Gram-Positive Bacteria Isolated in the ICU from A Reference Hospital in Southern Mozambique
Filipe Antonio Mahaluca, Jahit Sacarlal, Sabiha Essack
Objective: To describe the resistance pattern of Gram-positive bacteria isolated from patients admitted to ICUs at Maputo Central Hospital (HCM) in 2017.
Methods: This was a cross-sectional, epidemiological, quantitative approach, with a retrospective analysis of secondary data, performed at the ICUs in Maputo Central Hospital.
Results: During the study, 179 cultures were found to be positive for bacteriological tests (127 Pediatrics ICU and 52 Adults ICU), of which 55 (30.7%) were Gram-positive bacteria. Antibiotic resistance was highest in isolates of Staphylococcus Spp. (89.5%), Enterococcus Spp. (63.1%), Staphylococcus aureus (46.4%), Streptococcus Spp. (38.9%). MRSA was prevalent in 21.2% (7/33), with 85.7% the Pediatrics ICU and 14.3% in the Adults ICU, which is very significant in a hospital environment. Beta-lactams presented high resistance indices to all Gram-positive cocci, with a higher prevalence of Staphylococcus Spp. and Enterococcus Spp. Glycoptides had an average resistance of 50%, with Vancomycin inhibiting the growth of all strains of Staphylococcus aureus and Enterococcus Spp.
Conclusion: Resistance to antibiotics in Gram-positive cocci is a persistent problem, with infection control, selective antibiotic pressure and continuous resistance monitoring being the important factors in its spread.